Islamic Philosophy: Understanding, History and Its People

Philosophy is one of science that has been studied since ancient times and is considered as a science that is currently widely studied in the world (read the history of Islamic religion and the history of the Islamic world). Called philosophy comes from the culture of the Greeks and most of us recognize the figure of a philosopher or philosopher from Greece such as Socrates, Aristotle and so on. After that came the figures of philosophy that deepens the science of Islamic philosophy. After the science of Islamic philosophy is adapted from the Greek philosophy of science, there are some things that arise from the thinking of the philosophers of Islam itself. To find out what is the science of Islamic philosophy and how to apply it in life, consider the following explanation. (read the development of Islam in Europe and the history of islam Saudi Arabia)

Understanding Islamic Philosophy

Before we know more about the science of Islamic philosophy then we must know first. In the word philosophy comes from the word philosophy in Arabic and comes from the Greek philoshophia or philein which means love and Sophia which means the spotlight. So it can be concluded the word philosophy itself is defined as a love of content or thinking.Il philosophy is now known is a science that as the result of human thought and is the view of one's life that underlies his thinking about the life he wants to live.
People who study philosophy often think and are called philosophers. Many of the most famous philosophers to this day and their names in the world's fiction books. Yet it does not mean Muslims of course have their own philosophy of science. Muslims or Muslim scholars used to be philosophers and they poured their own ideas into the philosophy.

The science of philosophy also studies the true nature of a science and based on the teachings and values of Islamic religion is referred to as Islamic philosophy. Although adapted from the values of western culture or Yunani, the science of Islamic philosophy still has its own rules. The thing that is usually thought or discussed in Islamic philosophy is about ketauhidan or ketuhanan, apostolate, book, human relations and each other, environment and also, the scope of knowledge of tasawuf or kebatinan.

History of Islamic Philosophy

It has happened before by the science of Islamic philosophy that developed from the adaptation of the philosophy of the nation that originated from the European continent. The emergence of the science of Islamic philosophy is also not much related to the development of Islam in Europe. (read the development of Islam in the UK and Islam in America)

The Beginning of Philosophy

The history of Islamic philosophy began when King Iskandar Zulkarnain undertook military expansion into several countries in Europe and Africa and included the city of Alexandria in Egypt. In the 3rd century AD, King Ptolemy in Egypt built the University of Alexandria and that's where western scientists introduced philosophy including Greek intellectuals or thinkers. Furthermore, the Greek culture began to experience division with a new culture of the Arabs and then dikenallah science of philosophy in Islam.

The Development of Philosophy in the City of Harran

Besides the city of Alexandria, the philosopher of western philosophy culture also developed in the city of Harran which is located in the north of Syria or what is known as Syam. Harran city is then fell to the hands of the nation and now closer to the philosophy and culture of the nation's western nation. Science and philosophy were then translated into Arabic so Arabs could easily learn it.
The Development of Philosophy In Baghdad
Baghdad, the capital of the State of Iraq is also one of the centers of the development of philosophy in ancient times. After Baghdad experienced rapid development, experts who mastered the philosophy also plunge into the city.

Call it a famous translator of philosophical science from among the famous Arabs Thabit bin Qurrah and also Qista bin Luca. The rapid advancement of philosophy at that time was supported by teachers and translators who not only the city and its culture that developed, dizaman it also born the figure of thinker islamway Al Farabi and Al Kindi.

People of Islamic Philosophy

In the science of Islamic philosophy there are some figures who are considered to bring influence and his works by some Muslims today. Some of these figures, among others.

1. Al-Ghazali

Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Al-Imamul Jalil, Abu Hamid Ath Thusi Al-Ghazali or better known as Al Ghazali is one of the famous philosophers from the Thusi region which is part of the Persian State. Al ghazali produced many works in the field of philosophy and he initially argued that science can not actually be won by using the five senses of man. Al Ghazali is more likely to believe in reason than the five senses. He has been a professor in Nidzamiyah, Baghdad for four years. Some of the famous books of Al-ghazali include Ihya Ulum Ad-Din, Tahafut al-Falasifah and Al-Munqidz min adh-Dhalal.

2. Al-Farabi

Al Farabi or Abū Nasir Muhammad bin al-Farakh al-Fārābi 'is a Muslim scholar and philosopher who attempts to integrate several schools of philosophy, among others, the al-Taufiqhiyah philosophy that developed earlier than the Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus.
Al Farabi also argues that philosophy essentially has one purpose, namely to seek the truth of a thing.

3.Al-Kindi

Al-Kindi or Abu Yusuf Ya'qub bin Isaac ibn Ash-Shabah ibn Imran bin Ismail bin Al-Ash'ats bin Qays Al-Kindi is known as the first Muslim figure to bring up the idea of philosophy and he is also of the opinion that the teachings of true Islamic religion not much different from the science of philosophy or philosophy so that both are not two contradictory things. Not only intelligent as a philosopher or an Islamic thinker who is recognized by the western nation, Al Kindi also produces many works in other fields such as arithmetic and music

4. Ibn Rushd

Abu Walid Muhammad bin Rusyd or known by the name of ibnu rusyid is one of the well known Muslim scientist figures. He is also one of the philosophers known for his rational flow. As a philosopher and thinker, Ibn Rusyid upholds his mind and role in life. Ibn Rusyid also argues that the mind is working with the mind based on general understanding or maj'ani kulliyah dandidalamnya included things that are partial or called juz'iyah.

5. Ibn Sina

ibn sina is famous as a scientist in medical bidnag also known as a figure of Muslim philosophers. He argues that all intelligence or reason comes from God and everything that concerns the foundation of all knowledge also comes from God. Ibn Sina also states that the essence of being in the mind and being is in a diluarakal. He also discussed much about metaphysics and philosophy about the soul.
Such is the understanding, history and figures of Islamic philosophy that can be known. May be useful.